Zisanayambike, kuzindikira, kapena kulandira chithandizo, lingaliro limodzi liyenera kukhazikika kaye: mu MCAS vuto si kuchuluka kwa ma cell cell omwe muli nawo - ndi momwe amawotchera mwachangu.
Ma cell cell si mdani. Ndi chimodzi mwa zida zakale kwambiri komanso zothandiza kwambiri za chitetezo chamthupi - ndichifukwa chake zimafunikira kwambiri akachita molakwika.
Selo la mast ndi mtundu wa selo loyera la magazi lomwe limakhala mu minofu m'malo mozungulira momasuka m'magazi. Zimakhala paliponse pamene thupi lanu limakumana ndi dziko lakunja - khungu, mpweya, matumbo, ndi minofu yozungulira mitsempha ndi mitsempha. Kuyika kumeneko ndi dala. Ma cell cell ndi alonda, oyikidwa pamalire.
Iliyonse imakhala yodzaza ndi ma granules: tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosungira tokhala ndi ma messenger opangidwa kale, kapena oyimira pakati. Selo la mast likawona kuwopseza kwenikweni, limawonongeka - kutaya oyimira pakatiwo mu minofu yozungulira mkati mwa masekondi. Mitsempha ya magazi imakula, madzimadzi amalowa mkati, mitsempha yamoto imayaka, ndipo maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi amaitanidwa. Zomwe mumakumana nazo monga kutupa, kuyabwa, kapena mphuno yothamanga ndi m'mphepete mwa njirayo yomwe imagwira ntchito monga momwe anapangidwira.
Izi ndi zothandiza zamoyo. Maselo a mast amathandiza kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kutulutsa utsi pambuyo pa mbola, kugwirizanitsa machiritso a bala, ndi kusunga chotchinga pakati pa inu ndi chilengedwe chanu. Mu chitetezo chamthupi chathanzi amakhala olondola: amayankha kuwopseza kwenikweni molingana, kenako amakhala chete.
Tsatanetsatane wofunikira pakumvetsetsa MCAS ndikuthamanga. Ma cell mast safuna kupanga yankho lawo - ladzaza kale ndikudikirira. Izi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti zochita zawo zizikhala zofulumira kwambiri, komanso zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuyambitsa kosayenera kukhala kovuta kukhala nako.
Kachulukidwe ka maselo a mast ndi okwera kwambiri pamalire a thupi. Kugawa uku kukufotokoza chifukwa chake zizindikiro za MCAS sizikhala pamalo amodzi.
Mu Mast Cell Activation Syndrome, ma mast cell amapezeka mu manambala abwinobwino ndipo amawoneka bwino. Zomwe zasintha ndizolowera kwawo. Amayatsa pamene sakuyenera - mwachisawawa, kapena poyankha zokopa zomwe ziyenera kukhala zosadabwitsa, monga kusintha kwa kutentha, fungo, chakudya, kapena kulimbitsa thupi wamba.
Zotsatira zake si chizindikiro chimodzi koma chitsanzo. Chifukwa oyimira pakati amamasulidwa kukhala minofu m'thupi lonse, komanso chifukwa oyimira pakatiwo amagwira ntchito pamitsempha yamagazi, minyewa, minofu yosalala, ndi maselo ena oteteza thupi, gawo limodzi limatha kutulutsa kuthamanga kwa mtima, kupweteka kwam'mimba, chifunga chaubongo, ndi kupuma movutikira nthawi imodzi. Kwa sing'anga wosadziwa za matenda a mast cell, kuphatikiza kumeneko kumatha kuwoneka ngati mavuto angapo osagwirizana omwe amachitika nthawi imodzi.
Zinthu ziwiri zimatanthawuza zachipatala. Choyamba, zizindikiro zimakhala episodic ndi recurrent - Amabwera m'mafunde m'malo mokhazikika. Chachiwiri, iwo ali multisystem - Zimakhudza ziwalo ziwiri kapena zingapo pamodzi. Wodwala yemwe zizindikiro zake zimangokhala pa dongosolo limodzi ndipo osasinthasintha sangakhale ndi MCAS.
Palinso zotsatira zomwe odwala amazizindikira kale asanafotokozedwe kwa iwo. Zowonetsera zomwe zimaloledwa payekhapayekha zimatha kuphatikizira kuchititsa chidwi - chipinda chofunda chokha ndichabwino, kapu ya vinyo yokha ndiyabwino, koma awiriwo sali. Ichi ndichifukwa chake MCAS nthawi zambiri imawoneka yosayembekezereka kuchokera kunja kwinaku akutsatira malingaliro osasinthika amkati.
"MCAS ndi matenda a mast cell activation yosayenera yomwe imatsogolera ku kuwundana kwazizindikiro zosatha m'magulu angapo a ziwalo."
- Valent et al., International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, 2012
Zosokoneza zambiri zozungulira MCAS zimachokera kuzinthu zomwe zimafanana nazo. Kuwalekanitsa kumamveketsa bwino zomwe matendawo amanena.
Izi si mastocytosis. Mu mastocytosis, thupi limadziunjikira ma cell ochulukirapo, ndipo kuchulukirako kumatha kuwoneka - m'mafupa a mafupa, zotupa zapakhungu, kapena tryptase yokwera mosalekeza. Ku MCAS kuwerengera ndikwabwinobwino. Uwu ndiye kusiyanitsa kofunikira kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake MCAS ndiyovuta kutsimikizira: palibe ma cell achilendo omwe anganene.
Sikuti ziwengo wamba. Zovuta zamtundu wakale ndi kuyankha kwa IgE kuzinthu zinazake, zozindikirika, ndipo zimatha kubwerezedwanso - kuwonekera komweko kumatulutsa zomwezo, ndipo kuyezetsa ziwengo kumapeza. Zochita za MCAS nthawi zambiri sizikhala za IgE-mediated, nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi zokoka zakuthupi monga kutentha kapena kupanikizika m'malo mwa mapuloteni, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa pamapanelo wamba. Odwala ambiri amafika ku MCAS ndendende chifukwa kuyezetsa ziwengo kunabwerako koyera pomwe zizindikiro zawo sizinali.
Si nkhawa. Kutulutsidwa kwa mkhalapakati kumatulutsa mtima wothamanga, malingaliro a chiwonongeko, kupuma pang'ono, ndi chifunga cha chidziwitso - siginecha ya thupi ya mantha, yochokera ku immunology osati maganizo. Odwala nthawi zambiri amauzidwa kuti vuto ndi lamisala musanaganizire matenda a mast cell. Nkhawa zimatha kukhala limodzi ndi MCAS, ndipo kukhala ndi matenda osaneneka osadziwika bwino kumabweretsa zina, koma sikutengera zomwe zapeza monga kuthamangitsa, ming'oma, kapena kukwera kwa mkhalapakati.
Sichizindikiritso cha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu. Ngakhale kuti zinthu zina siziyenera kutsatiridwa, MCAS yasindikiza njira zogwirizanirana zomwe zimafuna chizindikiro chapadera, umboni weniweni wa kumasulidwa kwa mkhalapakati, ndi kuyankha ku chithandizo cha mast cell. Ndi matenda omwe ali ndi zofunikira zake zokha, osati zomwe zimatsalira pamene mayesero ena alibe.
Ziwerengero zowona za kufalikira kwa MCAS palibe. Mkhalidwewu udadziwika kokha mu 2007, njira zogwirizanirana zomwe zidatsatiridwa mu 2010 ndi 2012, ndipo machitidwe ozindikira matenda amasiyanabe kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri ndi mayiko. Ziwerengero zofalitsidwa zimasiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana, ndipo kusiyanasiyana komweko ndikomwe kwapeza - kumawonetsa kusatsimikizika kwenikweni m'malo mwa nambala yokhazikika.
Zomwe mabukuwa amafotokoza molimba mtima ndi mawonekedwe a anthu odwala. MCAS imapezeka kawirikawiri mwa amayi kusiyana ndi amuna. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba muunyamata kapena uchikulire, ngakhale kuti zimayamba pazaka zilizonse. Odwala ambiri amafotokoza mbiri ya moyo wawo wonse yochita zinthu modabwitsa ndipo pambuyo pake amakonzekera kukhala njira yodziwika.
MCAS imayendanso ndi kampani. Zimanenedwa pamodzi ndi hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi minofu, komanso pamodzi ndi dysautonomia kuphatikizapo POTS. Kaya izi zikuyimira njira zomwe zimagwirizanirana kapena njira zotumizirana zambiri ndi funso lotseguka m'malo mokhazikika - koma mwachipatala, odwala omwe akubwera ndi amodzi ayenera kuunikanso ena.
Kupeza kosasinthasintha m'maakaunti a odwala ndiko kutalika kwa njira yodziwira matenda. Chifukwa zizindikiro zimadutsa malire apadera, odwala nthawi zambiri amatumizidwa kwa akatswiri angapo osiyana - gastroenterology, dermatology, cardiology, ziwengo, misala - aliyense wa iwo amawona chigawo chimodzi cha vuto la dongosolo. Nthawi zambiri pamadutsa zaka zambiri munthu asanakonze chithunzi chonsecho.
Kumvetsetsa makina ndi maziko. Zida zitatu zotsatirazi zimamanga mwachindunji pa izo.
Zoyambitsa Imakhudza zomwe zimachotsa ma cell cell - magulu omwe amakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chake zolimbikitsa zakuthupi monga kutentha ndi kupanikizika zimakhala ngati zinthu zomwe zalowetsedwa, komanso momwe malire amafotokozera zomwe zimachitika mwachisawawa.
Matenda amadutsa muzotsatira zogwirizanitsa, mayesero a mkhalapakati omwe akukhudzidwa ndi zofunikira zawo zogwirira ntchito, komanso chifukwa chake zotsatira zoipa zimakhala zofala ngakhale kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli.
Chithandizo ikufotokoza njira zoyendetsera umboni, kuchokera pakugwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono kwa antihistamines ndi mast cell stabilizers kupita ku njira zochepetsera zomwe odwala nthawi zambiri amapeza kuti akukweza kwambiri.
Kuti muwone chithunzi chonse m'chikalata chimodzi - kuphatikiza zizindikiro ndi dongosolo la organ, malo ofufuza, ndi mawu athunthu - onani Maphunziro a MCAS.