Phambi kokuba izinto ezibangelayo, ukuxilongwa, okanye unyango lube nengqiqo, ingcamango enye kufuneka ifike kuqala: kwi-MCAS ingxaki asikokuba zingaphi iiseli zemast onazo - yindlela ezikhawuleza ngayo ukudubula.
Iiseli zemast ayizotshaba. Sesinye sezona zixhobo zidala kwaye ziluncedo kakhulu - yiyo loo nto ibaluleke kakhulu xa beziphatha kakubi.
Imast cell luhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi ehlala kwithishu kunokuba ijikeleze ngokukhululekileyo egazini. Kuthatha indawo yokuhlala naphi na apho umzimba wakho udibana nehlabathi langaphandle - ulusu, iindlela zomoya, ulwelwesi lwamathumbu, kunye nezicubu ezijikeleze imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo-luvo. Oko kubekwa kwenziwa ngabom. Iiseli zemast ngababali, zibekwe kwimida.
Nganye ipakishwe ngeegranules: iivesicles ezincinci zokugcina ezibambe izithunywa zekhemikhali ezenziwe kwangaphambili, okanye abalamli. Xa iseli yemast ibona isoyikiso sokwenyani, idiliza-ilahla abo balamli kwizicubu ezijikelezileyo kwimizuzwana. Imithambo yegazi iyanda, ulwelo luyangena, imithambo-luvo iyavutha, kwaye iiseli zokuzikhusela ziyabizwa. Into odibana nayo njengokudumba, ukurhawuzelelwa, okanye impumlo ebalekayo yincam ebonakalayo yaloo nkqubo esebenza njengoko iyilwe.
Oku kuluncedo kwibhayoloji. Iiseli zeMast zinceda ukulwa nama-parasites, ityhefu ecacileyo emva kokuhlatywa, ukulungelelanisa ukuphiliswa kwenxeba, kunye nokugcina umqobo phakathi kwakho nendawo yakho. Kwi-immune system ye-immune ichanekile: basabela kwizisongelo zangempela ngokulinganayo, baze bathule.
Iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo zokuqonda i-MCAS sisantya. Iiseli zeMast akufuneki zenze impendulo yazo - sele ilayishiwe kwaye ilindile. Yiloo nto eyenza ukuba ukuphendula kwabo kukhawuleze, kwaye yintoni eyenza ukuba ukusebenza okungafanelekanga kube nzima ukuhlala nako.
Uxinaniso lweeseli zemast luphezulu kwimida yomzimba. Olu lwabiwo luchaza ukuba kutheni iimpawu ze-MCAS zingafane zihlale kwindawo enye.
KwiMast Cell Activation Syndrome, iiseli zemast zikhona ngamanani aqhelekileyo kwaye zikhangeleka ziqhelekile ngokwesakhiwo. Into etshintshileyo ngumqobo wabo. Zisebenza xa kungafanelekanga - ngokuzenzekelayo, okanye ngokuphendula kwizinto ezinokuthi zingabonakali ngokupheleleyo, ezifana nokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa, ivumba, isidlo, okanye umgudu oqhelekileyo womzimba.
Isiphumo asilophawu olunye kodwa yipateni. Ngenxa yokuba abalamli bakhutshwa kwiithishu kuwo wonke umzimba, kwaye ngenxa yokuba abo balamli basebenza kwimithambo yegazi, imithambo-luvo, izihlunu ezigudileyo, kunye nezinye iiseli zokhuselo lomzimba, isiqendu esinye sinokuvelisa ukugungxula, intliziyo ebalekayo, iintlungu zesisu, inkungu yengqondo, kunye nokuphefumula okufutshane ngaxeshanye.Kugqirha ongaqhelananga nesifo semast cell, olo manyano lunokujongeka njengeengxaki ezininzi ezinganxulumananga ezenzeka kanye.
Iimpawu ezimbini zichaza i-syndrome ngokweklinikhi. Okokuqala, iimpawu episodic kunye nokuphindaphinda - beza ngamaza kunokuba babambelele. Okwesibini, banjalo iinkqubo ezininzi - zibandakanya iinkqubo zamalungu amabini nangaphezulu kunye. Isigulana esineempawu ezivalelwe kwinkqubo enye kwaye azange ziguquguquke akunakwenzeka ukuba sibe ne-MCAS.
Kukwakho neziphumo ezithi izigulane zibone ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba zichazwe. Ukubonakaliswa okunyamezeleka ngabanye kunokudibanisa ukuvusa ukusabela - igumbi elifudumeleyo lodwa lilungile, iglasi yewayini yodwa ilungile, kodwa zombini kunye azikho. Yiyo loo nto i-MCAS ihlala ibonakala ingalindelekanga ukusuka ngaphandle ngelixa ilandela ingqiqo yangaphakathi engaguqukiyo.
"I-MCAS sisifo sokusebenza ngokungafanelekanga kweeseli ze-mast ezikhokelela kwi-constellation yeempawu ezingapheliyo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zamalungu."
-Valent et al., OoVimba baMazwe ngaMazwe be-Allergy kunye ne-Immunology, 2012
Uninzi lokubhideka malunga ne-MCAS luvela kwiimeko ezifana nayo. Ukuzahlula kucacisa ukuba uxilongo lufuna ntoni na.
Hayi mastocytosis. Kwi-mastocytosis, umzimba uqokelela iiseli zemasti ezininzi, kwaye oko kungaphezulu kunokubonwa-kwi-biopsy yomongo wethambo, kwizilonda zolusu, okanye kwi-tryptase esisiseko eqhubekayo. Kwi-MCAS ubalo luqhelekile. Lo ngowona mahluko ubalulekileyo, kwaye yiyo loo nto i-MCAS inzima ukungqina: akukho luluntu lweeseli lungaqhelekanga ukukhomba.
Ayikokwaliwa kuqhelekileyo. I-classical allergy yimpendulo ye-IgE-mediated kwinto ethile, into echongayo, kwaye iyakwazi ukuveliswa kwakhona - ukuvezwa okufanayo kuvelisa ukusabela okufanayo, kwaye uvavanyo lokwaliwa luyayifumana. Iimpendulo ze-MCAS zihlala zingeyo-IgE-mediated, zihlala zivuselelwa zizivuseleli zomzimba ezinjengobushushu okanye uxinzelelo kuneeproteni, kwaye zidla ngokubuyisela iziphumo ezibi kwiiphaneli ezisemgangathweni zokwaliwa.Izigulana ezininzi zifika kwi-MCAS ngokuchanekileyo kuba uvavanyo lokwaliwa lubuye lucocekile ngelixa iimpawu zabo zingakhange zibonakale.
Ayiloxhala. Ukukhutshwa komlamli ngokunyanisekileyo kuvelisa intliziyo ebalekayo, imvakalelo yokutshatyalaliswa, ukuphefumla, kunye nenkungu yokuqonda - utyikityo lomzimba wokuhlaselwa luloyiko, oluvela kwi-immunology endaweni yengqondo. Izigulana zisoloko zixelelwa ukuba ingxaki yezengqondo phambi kokuba kuqwalaselwe isifo semast cell.Ixhala linokuhlala kunye ne-MCAS, kwaye ukuhlala nesifo esingachazwanga esingapheliyo kuvelisa ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa ayithethi ngeziphumo ezinjongo ezinje ngokugungxulwa, ukugquma, okanye ukulinganiswa kokuphakama komlamli.
Ayiloxilongo lokungabandakanywa okumsulwa. Nangona ezinye iimeko kufuneka zikhutshelwe ngaphandle, i-MCAS ipapashe iindlela zokuvumelana ezifuna ipateni yeempawu ezithile, ubungqina obunenjongo yokukhululwa komlamli, kunye nempendulo kunyango olujoliswe kwi-mast-cell. Luxilongo oluqinisekileyo oluneemfuno ezilodwa, hayi nje into eseleyo xa ezinye iimvavanyo zisithi awunayo.
Amanani anyanisekileyo okuxhaphaka kwe-MCAS akakabikho. Le meko yaphawulwa ngokusesikweni kuphela ngo-2007, imigaqo yokuvumelana eyalandelwa ngo-2010 no-2012, kwaye indlela yokuxilonga isahluka kakhulu phakathi kweengcali naphakathi kwamazwe. Uqikelelo olupapashiweyo luluhlu olubanzi, kwaye uluhlu olubanzi lulo ngokwalo olufunyenweyo - lubonisa ukungaqiniseki okwenyani kunokuba inani elimiselweyo.
Oko kuchazwa luncwadi ngokuzithemba ngakumbi kukumila kwezigulane. I-MCAS ifunyaniswa rhoqo kubasetyhini kunamadoda. Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ebusheni okanye ebuntwini obukhulu, nangona ziqala kuyo nayiphi na iminyaka kuxelwa. Izigulana ezininzi zichaza imbali yobomi bonke yokuba zisebenze ngokungaqhelekanga ezithi zilungelelaniswe kamva zibe yipatheni eyaziwayo.
I-MCAS ikwahamba ngenkampani. Kuxelwe ecaleni kwe-hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome kunye nezinye iziphazamiso zezicubu ezidibeneyo, kunye ne-dysautonomia kubandakanya i-POTS. Ingaba ezi zimele indlela ekwabelwana ngayo okanye iipateni zokudlulisela ezihambelanayo ngumbuzo wophando ovulekileyo kunokuba ibe yinyani elungisiweyo - kodwa ngokwezonyango, izigulana ezibonisa enye zifanelekile ukuvavanywa kwabanye.
Eyona nto ifunyaniswayo kuzo zonke ii-akhawunti zezigulane bubude bendlela yokuxilongwa. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ziwela imida ekhethekileyo, izigulana zihanjiswa kuluhlu lweengcali ezahlukeneyo - i-gastroenterology, i-dermatology, i-cardiology, i-allergies, i-psychiatry - ngamnye kubo uhlola ummandla omnye wengxaki yenkqubo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kudlula iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba nabani na adibanise wonke umfanekiso.
Ukuqonda inkqubo sisiseko. Izibonelelo ezintathu ezilandelayo zakha ngokuthe ngqo kuyo.
Izichukumisi igubungela eyona nto isusa iiseli zemast - iindidi zokuvezwa ezihlala zichaphazeleka, kutheni izivuseleli zomzimba ezinjengobushushu kunye noxinzelelo zizinto eziginyiweyo, kunye nendlela i-threshold effect ichaza ngayo iimpendulo ezibonakala zingenamkhethe.
Uxilongo uhamba ngeendlela zokuvumelana, iimvavanyo zomlamli ezibandakanyekayo kunye neemfuno zabo zokuphatha, kwaye kutheni iziphumo ezibi zixhaphake kakhulu nakwizigulane ezinemeko ngokwenene.
Unyango ichaza iindlela zokulawula ezisekelwe kubungqina, ukusuka ekusetyenzisweni kwe-antihistamines kunye ne-mast cell stabilizers ukuya kwizicwangciso zokunciphisa i-trigger-izigulane zihlala zifumana ukuphakamisa okunzima kakhulu.
Ngomfanekiso opheleleyo kuxwebhu olunye - kubandakanywa iimpawu ngenkqubo yelungu, indawo yophando, kunye nezicatshulwa ezipheleleyo - bona Isikhokelo seMCAS seMfundo.